Helical coil springs are used widely in applications such as washing machines, compressors, etc. It is important to know the spring stiffness/spring rate when designing a spring-damper-mass system. Natural frequency of the system is affected by the spring stiffness and mass of the system. Spring
Wear particle analysis refers to the careful inspection of particles that show up in lubricant samples of a machine; it helps determine the state of a machine. Wear particle analysis differs from oil analysis because it determines the condition of the machine components, whereas oil
Rolling element bearings are used in all sorts of rotating applications. Unfortunately, because of poor machine setup and maintenance, fewer than 10% of bearings reach their intended design life; this is because even marginal increases above the maximum allowable load on a bearing can dramatically
Oil and other lubricants are essential components in rotating machinery. They can serve many purposes including: Reducing friction Transferring heat Moving debris and contaminants away Transmitting power Wear protection Preventing corrosion and rusting Separating moving parts Monitoring and maintaining the lubricant can extend the life
A shaft can be bent during shipping, installation, etc. Bent shaft generates high vibration and creates a lot of stress on other components during operation. If there is no action taken, catastrophic failure will result. It is therefore important to be able to recognize such
Vibration in machines is affected by their orientation and the way they are suspended. A vertical pump will vibrate differently than a horizontal pump. The horizontal pump’s movement may be restricted in the vertical direction as compared to horizontal. Vibration levels in horizontal and vertical